Praanggapan dan Implikatur dalam Penggunaan Keigo pada Surat Formal Bahasa Jepang: Kajian Pragmatik

Abstract

This research analyzes the use of  Keigo in formal Japanese correspondence from a pragmatic perspective, focusing on presuppositions and implicatures. Using qualitative descriptive methods, this research aims to understand the implied meaning conveyed through keigo in written communication. The research data consists of three types of letters: letters of thanks (orei no tegami お礼の手紙), letters of congratulations( oiwai no tegamiお祝いの手紙), and letters of invitation or offer( annai jou案内状). The results showed that keigo not only reflects respect but also refines the author's meaning and adjusts politeness based on social relationships. The results of this study are that official Japanese letters represent presuppositions and implicatures to convey the author's intentions implicitly. The use of keigo, namely kenjougo and sonkeigo in official Japanese letters reflects a hierarchical relationship. Keigo also functions as a pragmatic tool that reflects the cultural values and ethics of communicating in Japanese society.